Ginger (Zingiber officiale)
Ginger has been used medicinally for hundreds of years and was known in pre-dynastic China, India and ancient Greece. It was traditionally used as a remedy for digestive problems, more recently it has been used to prevent motion sickness. Today it is achieving widespread recognition for its anti-inflammatory and pain relieving properties, which may help to relieve the symptoms of of arthritis.
The active ingredients are a phenolic anti-oxidant, gingerol, and ginger essential oils. Typical extracts will contain about 15mg/g gingerol, and around 90mg/g essential oils, and cold pressed ginger oils mixed with carrier oils are also available (but expensive).
For arthritis pain, take 2-4 grams of fresh ginger daily, or juice, extract, or tea equivalent to this amount. Ginger oil (ginger extract plus carrier oils) can be rubbed directly onto the skin at the back of the knee. It will penetrate the skin quite rapidly and should help to reduce pain and inflammation.